New Social Movements and the Politics of Collective Agency in Developing Societies: A Critical Appraisal Introduction New Social Movements (NSMs) have emerged as significant agents of socio-political transformation since the late 20th century, challenging both the analytical frameworks of classical social movement theory and the institutional boundaries of formal politics. NSMs are broadly characterized by … Continue reading What are New Social Movements (NSMs), and how do they differ from traditional forms of collective action? Critically examine the structural, institutional, and ideological challenges faced by NSMs in the socio-political contexts of developing countries.