Critically Examining the Idea of a Universal Conception of Human Rights: Philosophical Foundations, Global Applicability, and Challenges Abstract The notion of universal human rights stands as one of the most influential—and contested—pillars of modern international political and legal discourse. Grounded in claims of moral universality and the inherent dignity of all human beings, the universalist … Continue reading Critically examine the idea of a universal conception of human rights, considering its philosophical foundations, global applicability, and the challenges posed by cultural relativism and state sovereignty.