To what extent has the institutional influence of India’s Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) diminished in the formulation and execution of foreign policy with the increasing centralization of diplomatic decision-making within the Prime Minister’s Office (PMO), and what are the broader implications of this shift for bureaucratic autonomy, strategic coherence, and democratic oversight in foreign policymaking?

The Shifting Institutional Balance in Indian Foreign Policymaking: MEA, PMO, and the Centralization of Strategic Decision-Making Introduction India’s foreign policy, historically managed through a professionalized and diplomatically adept Ministry of External Affairs (MEA), has undergone a noticeable transformation in recent years, characterized by the increasing centralization of diplomatic authority within the Prime Minister’s Office (PMO). … Continue reading To what extent has the institutional influence of India’s Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) diminished in the formulation and execution of foreign policy with the increasing centralization of diplomatic decision-making within the Prime Minister’s Office (PMO), and what are the broader implications of this shift for bureaucratic autonomy, strategic coherence, and democratic oversight in foreign policymaking?