Kautilya and Niccolò Machiavelli, though separated by time, geography, and civilisational milieu, are often regarded as archetypal figures of realist political thought within their respective traditions—Kautilya within ancient Indian political philosophy and Machiavelli within Renaissance European political theory. Both Arthashastra and The Prince articulate pragmatic and strategic doctrines of governance, emphasizing the preservation of political … Continue reading How do Kautilya and Machiavelli differ and converge in their respective conceptions of statecraft within their civilisational and historical contexts?