The framework of complex interdependence, articulated by Robert Keohane and Joseph Nye in their seminal work Power and Interdependence (1977), represents a foundational challenge to the central assumptions of traditional realism about the nature of international politics. While realism, particularly in its classical and neorealist forms, emphasizes the primacy of the state, the dominance of … Continue reading How does the framework of complex interdependence, as articulated by Keohane and Nye, challenge traditional realist assumptions about the nature of international politics, particularly concerning state centrality, the hierarchy of issues, and the role of force?