Examine the strategic and diplomatic significance of the Indian Ocean Zone of Peace proposal in the context of Cold War naval competition and Non-Aligned diplomacy.

Introduction The proposal to declare the Indian Ocean as a Zone of Peace (IOZOP) represents one of the most ambitious diplomatic initiatives undertaken by the developing countries during the Cold War to insulate a strategically vital maritime region from great-power rivalry and military confrontation. Emerging from the broader objectives of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) and … Continue reading Examine the strategic and diplomatic significance of the Indian Ocean Zone of Peace proposal in the context of Cold War naval competition and Non-Aligned diplomacy.

To what extent did the Third World reshape the agenda of international politics by advancing the principles of sovereignty, development, non-alignment, and global justice?

Introduction The emergence of the Third World as a collective political force constitutes one of the most significant transformations in twentieth-century international politics. The term "Third World," popularized by the French demographer Alfred Sauvy in 1952, initially referred to the newly independent states of Asia, Africa, Latin America, and the Caribbean that sought to remain … Continue reading To what extent did the Third World reshape the agenda of international politics by advancing the principles of sovereignty, development, non-alignment, and global justice?

Non-Alignment and the Strategic Orientation of Indian Foreign Policy in a Multipolar World Introduction The principle of non-alignment, originally conceived during the Cold War as a doctrine of strategic autonomy and moral diplomacy, has been a defining tenet of India’s foreign policy. Rooted in the leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru and the foundational ethos of India’s … Continue reading How does the enduring principle of non-alignment inform the strategic orientation of India’s foreign policy in the contemporary multipolar international system, and to what extent does it retain relevance amid shifting global power dynamics and strategic realignments?