Karl Marx’s famous declaration in The Communist Manifesto (1848)—that “the history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggle”—stands as one of the most concentrated formulations of his materialist conception of history. Far from being a mere rhetorical flourish, this proposition encapsulates a structural theory of historical change grounded in the dialectical … Continue reading To what extent does Karl Marx’s assertion that “the history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggle” encapsulate the underlying dynamics of historical change, and how does this proposition illuminate the structural foundations, transformative processes, and normative implications of conflict in political theory?