How has the impact of electoral systems and cleavages on party system formation in developing nations evolved over time, particularly in the context of democratization processes, globalization, and the emergence of new forms of social and political identity?

The relationship between electoral systems, social cleavages, and party system formation in developing nations has undergone important transformations over time, influenced by the interplay of democratization processes, globalization, and the rise of new social and political identities. While early comparative political science scholarship, particularly following the sociological-institutional insights of Lipset and Rokkan (1967), emphasized the … Continue reading How has the impact of electoral systems and cleavages on party system formation in developing nations evolved over time, particularly in the context of democratization processes, globalization, and the emergence of new forms of social and political identity?

Critically assess the role of political parties in sustaining and stabilizing democracy in developing societies.

The Role of Political Parties in Sustaining and Stabilizing Democracy in Developing Societies Introduction Political parties play a critical role in the functioning of democratic systems, serving as essential intermediaries between the state and society. In developing societies, where democratic institutions are often fragile and political systems are characterized by economic inequalities, ethnic divisions, and … Continue reading Critically assess the role of political parties in sustaining and stabilizing democracy in developing societies.